Paving the Long and Winding Road for New Medicines in Neurology

Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. Global Burden of Disease [accessed June 2022] Available at: https://www.healthdata.org/gbd/2019.

GBD 2016 Neurology Collaborators. Global, regional, and national burden of neurological disorders, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet Neurol. 2019;18:459-80. doi: 10.1016/S14744422(18)30499-X.

Feigin VL, Vos T, Nichols E, Owolabi MO, Carroll WM, Dichgans M, et al. The global burden of neurological disorders: translating evidence into policy. Lancet Neurol. 2020;19:255-65. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(19)30411-9.

Gooch CL, Pracht E, Borenstein AR. The burden of neurological disease in the United States: A summary report and call to action. Ann Neurol. 2017;81:479-84. doi: 10.1002/ ana.24897.

Olesen J, Gustavsson A, Svensson M, Wittchen HU, Jönsson B; CDBE2010 study group; European Brain Council. The economic cost of brain disorders in Europe. Eur J Neurol. 2012;19:155-62. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2011.03590.x.

Jones EG, Mendell LM. Assessing the decade of the brain. Science. 1999; 284: 739.

Human Brain Project. [accessed June 2022] Available at: https://www.humanbrainproject.eu

The BRAIN Initiative. [accessed July 2022] Available at: https://braininitiative.nih.gov/

Sung NS, Crowley WF Jr, Genel M, Salber P, Sandy L, Sherwood LM, et al. Central challenges facing the national clinical research enterprise. JAMA. 2003;289:1278-87. doi: 10.1001/jama.289.10.1278.

Contopoulos-Ioannidis DG, Alexiou GA, Gouvias TC, Ioannidis JP. Medicine. Life cycle of translational research for medical interventions. Science. 2008;321:1298-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1160622.

Wehling M. Assessing the translatability of drug projects: what needs to be scored to predict success? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2009;8:541-6. doi: 10.1038/nrd2898.

Hart BA, Luchicchi A, Schenk GJ, Killestein J, Geurts JJ. Multiple sclerosis and drug discovery: A work of translation. EBioMedicine. 2021;68:103392. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103392.

Tambuyzer E, Vandendriessche B, Austin CP, Brooks PJ, Larsson K, Miller Needleman KI, et al. Therapies for rare diseases: therapeutic modalities, progress and challenges ahead. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2020;19:93-111. doi: 10.1038/ s41573-019-0049-9.

Ehlers MD. Neuroscience is the Next Oncology. Innov Clin Neurosci. 2018;15:15-6.

Pimentel J. The shadow-side of the neurological evaluation. Sinapse. 2022; 22: 53-5.

Araujo R. Serendipidade e a arte da Neurologia clinica. Sinapse. 2022; 22: 4-6.

Baker M, van Beek J, Gossens C. Digital health: Smartphone-based monitoring of multiple sclerosis using Floodlight. [accessed June 2022] Available at: https://www.nature.com/articles/d42473-019-00412-0

Pagano G, Taylor KI, Anzures-Cabrera J, Marchesi M, Simuni T, Marek K, et al. Trial of Prasinezumab in Early-Stage Parkinson’s Disease. N Engl J Med. 2022;387:421-32. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2202867.

Sweiti H, Wiegand F, Bug C, Vogel M, Lavie F, Winiger-Candolfi I, et al. Physicians in the pharmaceutical industry: their roles, motivations, and perspectives. Drug Discov Today. 2019;24:1865-70. doi: 10.1016/j.drudis.2019.05.021.

Gilliland CT, White J, Gee B, Kreeftmeijer-Vegter R, Bietrix F, Ussi AE, et al. The Fundamental Characteristics of a Translational Scientist. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci. 2019;2:213-6. doi: 10.1021/acsptsci.9b00022.