Impacto da Infeção e Vacinação SARS-CoV-2 nos Sintomas de Enxaqueca durante a Pandemia COVID-19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46531/sinapse/AO/230065/2024Palavras-chave:
COVID-19, Perturbações de Enxaqueca, Vacinas contra COVID-19Resumo
Introdução: Os estudos têm demonstrado agravamento da enxaqueca associado à infeção COVID-19 e à pandemia mais especificamente. A vacinação contra a COVID-19 também tem sido associada a cefaleia sintomática, com elevada frequência nos doentes com enxaqueca. Pretende-se verificar o impacto da COVID-19 na enxaqueca, durante a pandemia por SARS-CoV-2.Métodos: Um questionário online foi enviado para doentes com enxaqueca seguidos na consulta externa de Neurologia, entre março e novembro de 2022. As questões incidiam sobre os sintomas da enxaqueca e alterações do tratamento, assim como alterações do sono, sintomas ansiosos e depressivos durante a pandemia, após o diagnóstico e/ou vacinação da COVID-19.
Resultados: Dos 185 doentes incluídos, 108 (58,4%) reportaram alteração no padrão da cefaleia (intensidade, frequência e/ou tipo de dor) e 47% reportaram aumento da intensidade e frequência. A alteração ocorreu antes do diagnóstico da COVID-19 em 41%. Do total de casos com alteração da cefaleia, 72,2% necessitaram de intensificar a medicação (abortiva ou profilática), independentemente se tiveram infeção. Verificaram-se elevados níveis de insónia e sintomas de ansiedade e depressão nos doentes que agravaram da enxaqueca, independentemente do diagnóstico de COVID-19. Após a vacinação, 49 (27,1%) descreveram uma alteração no padrão da cefaleia, com agravamento em 29 (16%). Em metade, esta alteração ocorreu nas primeiras 3 semanas após a vacinação.
Conclusão: O agravamento da enxaqueca esteve mais provavelmente associado a outros fatores relacionados com a pandemia do que ao diagnóstico de COVID-19. A vacinação pode ter tido um efeito adicional, mas foi um desencadeante menos relevante e temporário.
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Direitos de Autor (c) 2024 Lénia Silva, Adriana Lopes, Ana Pontes, Ana Gonçalves, Arlinda Chiteculo, Beatriz Soares, Inês Teixeira, Maria Gonçalves, Maria Alves, Maria Cardia, Mariana Monteiro, Raquel Eiras, Sara Costa, Inês Laranjinha, Carlos Andrade, Denis Gabriel
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