Multiple Sclerosis Diagnosis in Adolescents by 2017 McDonald Criteria: Two Case Reports

Authors

  • Daniela Araújo Serviço de Pediatria, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9683-7478
  • Ângela Pereira Serviço de Pediatria, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal
  • Sofia A. Martins Consulta de Neuroimunologia, Serviço de Neurologia, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3197-1320
  • Ricardo Maré Consulta de Neuroimunologia, Serviço de Neurologia, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal
  • João Cerqueira Consulta de Neuroimunologia, Serviço de Neurologia, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3155-2775
  • Susana Carvalho Serviço de Pediatria, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.46531/sinapse/CC/210059/2022

Keywords:

Adolescent, Multiple Sclerosis/diagnosis, Multiple Sclerosis/diagnostic imaging

Abstract

Although multiple sclerosis’ (MS) diagnosis is usually made in adulthood, clinical presentation before the age of 18 occurs in up to 10% of the individuals. McDonald’s criteria applicability in diagnosing MS in adolescents is already established with the 2010 revision. The first clinical case we present is an adolescent with a family history of MS and a right retrobulbar optic neuritis’ presentation. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed periventricular and infratentorial lesions white matter lesions. The second case describes an adolescent with a suggestive presentation of acute transverse myelitis, with a sensitive level in D10 and multiple brain and spinal inflammatory lesions. Cerebrospinal fluid oligoclonal bands were present in both patients. Both met the 2017 McDonald criteria for MS diagnosis. MS diagnosis is particularly difficult in children and adolescents. A high degree of suspicion is needed. Differential diagnosis with other cerebral inflammatory disorders must be considered.

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References

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Published

2024-04-20

How to Cite

1.
Araújo D, Pereira Ângela, A. Martins S, Maré R, Cerqueira J, Carvalho S. Multiple Sclerosis Diagnosis in Adolescents by 2017 McDonald Criteria: Two Case Reports. Sinapse [Internet]. 2024 Apr. 20 [cited 2024 Dec. 21];22(3):120-6. Available from: https://sinapse.pt/index.php/journal/article/view/59

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Section

Case Reports

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