The Effect of a Healthy Lifestyle on Preventing and Improving Symptoms in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46531/sinapse/AR/230003/2023Keywords:
Exercise, Multiple Sclerosis, Muscle Strength, Quality of LifeAbstract
Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients expect healthcare professionals to provide them with information on healthy lifestyles. Thus, the purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate and compile measures with scientific evidence related to these lifestyles and to address solutions to the main barriers to their implementation.Methods: Research of articles in the international databases PubMed® and Scopus®, subject to qualitative analysis, without language or date of publication restrictions. Study based on the recommendations of the PRISMA guideline. Two of the authors performed all the steps independently.
Results: A total of 677 articles were obtained, of which 21 were included in the study after applying the exclusion criteria. Bias risk analysis tools revealed that most articles had a low risk of bias.
Discussion: Physical exercise is a beneficial treatment in MS. Fatigue associated with sleep disorders can be reduced with an early and appropriate approach. Mediterranean and low-fat diets, which are additionally associated with weight loss, are useful in controlling disease progression. When applicable, smoking cessation appears to be useful in controlling the progression of disability caused by the disease.
Conclusion: This systematic review brings together several non-pharmacological approaches to the treatment of the main symptoms and signs associated with MS, constituting a valid source of support for physicians and patients.
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